PH 490A (Health Data Analysis) Exam 1

Number of questions: 20

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The major use of health statistics are: 1) creating knowledge on population health, 2) developing information to ________, and 3) developing information to guide, implement, evaluate, and refine health programs and interventions. Which of the following is the most appropriate for the blank?

Guide health policy development and evaluation
Educated healthy behaviors to improve personal health
Change individuals' life style to improve personal health
Monitor personal health

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Which of the following study question is NOT appropriate for a DESCRIPTIVE epidemiology study?

Has the number of emergency department visit among children with asthma in California increased during 2010-2015?
How often Ca children visit an emergency dept to have usual care for asthma?
Do Ca children visit more often emergency department for urgent asthma care compared to other States?
Does poor diet cause higher incidence of asthma among children?

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Which statement about health statistics is NOT correct?

Health statistics are used to create fundamental information of population health
In the US, several surveys collect health stats
Health statistics cannot be used to create knowledge on population health

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You want to compare stroke risk between Californians under 60 and those 60+ based on CHIS 2013. Stroke rates are compared across age groups. Results indicated that older age is associated with higher stroke risk. Which of the following "limitations" should be, at least, specified when you interpret the results?

The definition of the population of interest
The definition of stroke variable used in the analysis
The organization that primarily collects the data
All of the above

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Which of the following falls in a *different component* in the population health model?

Health services such as number and type of personnel
Cultural norm and values
Built environments such as housing
Economic resources such as income

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Hospital discharge information form OSHPD ______. Which of the following is NOT appropriate for the blank?

Never be used to evaluate the inpatient service utilization in California
Includes the primary diagnosis for the hospitalizations in California
Includes the schedule of charges and payment sources
Can show multiple visit to hospitals for one patient

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What type of information is NOT available in BRFSS?

Health risk behaviors
Primary diagnosis of hospital discharge
Access to care

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Which of the following statements about unstable rates is NOT correct?

When handling unstable rates, the trade-off between stability (reliability) and specificity should be carefully considered
Comparing populations with unstable rates is unreliable
Unstable rates are not affected by the size of population at risk
Generally, unstable rates have wider CI

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which of the following is a "caution" when comparing rates between different groups?

Check if the definitions of time, age, and population of rates are comparable
Check if the units of populations of rates are comparable
Check if the rates are stable
All of above

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10)

Which statement regarding data, information and knowledge is correct?

Data is more directly used to answer practical questions in the field of PH
Generally, data has a higher relevancy than information
Information serves as input for data
Knowledge provides a firm ground for health professionals' actions for better population health

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11)

Which of the following is the most appropriate description for the age-adjusted rate?

Only US census age distribution can be used to for the standard population weight.
The age-adjusted rate accounts for differences in age distributions between populations to be compared
The age-adjusted rate is a real rate
The major disadvantage of the age adjusted rate is having too many comparisons

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12)

Information is useful in deciding what to do in PH and, in contrast, knowledge consists of _______. Which of the following is the most appropriate in blank?

How many to do
How to do
When to do
Who have to do

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13)

You want to study infant mortality in San Diego County and also like to compare it with California average over multiple year (2010-1015). Vital data are available for CDPH. Evaluate the Vital data from CDPH.

High reliability, High specificity, high timeliness (high generalizibility)
High in specificity, low timeliness, high gerneralizability
Low credibility, high reliability, high gerneralizability.
High credibility, high timeliness, low specificity

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14)

Which of the following is the most relevant usage of the HIV incidence rate in San Diego residents?

To allocate community resources to improve HIV services
To assess HIV burden in the community
To find the most vulnerable subpopulation to design an HIV prevention program
To see the duration of HIV in the community to reduce cost of care

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15)

Which statement about health statistics is NOT correct?

Health statistics are used to create fundamental knowledge of population health
Health statistics can be generated from a health survey
Health statistics cannot create knowledge on factors affecting health of a population

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16)

You want to compare mortality between two populations. Due to the fact that there are substantial differences in age distribution between the 2 populations you believe that _______ is more appropriate than crude mortality rates.

Age adjusted mortality rate
Clustering age groups
Risk adjustment mortality rate
Stratification

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17)

Three facets of community health needs assessment are 1) identify health needs 2) identify __________, and 3) support community leaders to act.

clinical standards
health care expenditure
interventions
resources available

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18)

Which of the following characteristics of ratio is correct?

Ratio cannot be used to indicate health disparity
Ratio only implies the magnitude of a health event in a population
Ratio compared specific sub-group to its entire population
Ratio compares two dissimilar things

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19)

Hospital discharge data from OSHPD _______.

can be used to evaluate the inpatient service utilization in California
include the primary diagnosis for the hospitalizations in California
include the schedule of charges and payment sources of the hospitalization in Ca
all of above

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20)

Which statement regarding data, information and knowledge is correct?

Generally, data has a higher relevancy to your question when compared to information
Knowledge includes theories and concepts in the field of public health
Generally, data is directly used to answer your questions, rather than information.
What and how to improve population health can be answered by using information rather than knowledge

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