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1) CT x-ray tube arcing can occur because of ___________ the x-ray tube 1. impourities in the oil outside 2. tungsten gas inside 3. tungsten solids in the oil inside

1. 1 only
2. 1 & 2
3. 2 only
4. 2 & 3

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 2) Collimation:

1. is accomplished by electrically blocking x-rays
2. affects the scan time
3. limits the low energy x-ray photons and passes the high energy photons
4. is accomplished by physically blocking x-rays

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 3) ______________ allows helical data to be converted into planar raw data

1. Retrospective reconstruction
2. Interpolation
3. Cone beam reconstruction
4. Convolution

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 4) Tube arcing might cause ____________ on the images.

1. star-like artifacts at the edges
2. an increased appearance of noise
3. shading and inaccurate CT numbers
4. an appearance of a circle or ring

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 5) Which of the following is common to both a localizer scan and a conventional, serial CT scan?

1. they both produce digital images
2. the patient table moves at a constant velocity
3. they both produce cross-sectional images
4. the x-ray tube makes complete 360° rotations

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 6) If an algorithm to correct for the cupping artifact is applied too aggressively to the data for a head image, the _____________ of the image would be too bright. 1. top and bottom 2. center 3. edges

1. 1 only
2. 2 only
3. 3 only
4. 1 & 3

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 7) Which of the following is TRUE regarding multi-row detector CT scanners? 1. the size of the detector arrays along the z-direction may be different. 2. the attenuation information from adjacent detector arrays may be added together to generate thicker slices 3. all of the detector arrays may or may not be used.

1. 1 only
2. 2 only
3. 3 only
4. 1, 2 & 3

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 8) If an image matrix has 360 rows and 360 columns, how many pixels are there in the image?

1. 21,600
2. 129,600
3. 259,200
4. 379,800

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 9) Which of the following provides the best bone window setting for the pelvis?

1. WW 2000, WL 350
2. WW 140, WL 60
3. WW 100, WL -200
4. WW 1000, WL 200

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 10) On a single-row detector scanner, collimation: 1. controls the slice thickness 2. minimizes the x-ray dose to the patient. 3. reduces the detection of scatter radiation.

1. 1 only
2. 2 only
3. 3 only
4. 1, 2 & 3

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 11) The main purpose of the detector is to:

1. provide additional collimation in order to reduce scatter
2. limit the x-ray dose to the patient
3. capture x-ray photons and convert them to a measurable signal
4. amplify the measured signal

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 12) Which of the following is a reason for inserting a tampon in the vagina for CT exams of the female pelvis?

1. provides a high intensity on the image
2. eliminates the need for IV contrast injection
3. eliminates the need for oral contrast media
4. helps visualize the vaginal canal

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 13) Which of the following is NOT an indication of a herniated disk? 1. deformity of the posterior border of the disk 2. displacement of epidural fat 3. hypertrophy of the inferior articulating process and lamina

1. 1 only
2. 2 only
3. 3 only
4. 1, 2 & 3

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 14) If an algorithm to correct for the cupping artifact is applied too aggressively to the data for a head image, the _____________ of the image would be too bright. 1. top and bottom 2. center 3. edges

1. 1 only
2. 2 only
3. 3 only
4. 1 & 3

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 15) ____________ in the image is a possible manifestation of patient motion. 1. ghosting 2. blurring 3. streaks

1. 1 only
2. 2 only
3. 3 only
4. 1, 2 & 3

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 16) The slip ring on continuous rotation CT scanners:

1. 2. allows the exam to commence more rapidly
2. 3. eliminates the need for the reversal of gantry frame rotation
3. 1 only
4. 1, 2, & 3

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 17) Tube interscan delay time refers to:

1. the time between the end of one scan and the state of the next scan during which the tube will cool
2. a quality assurance test performed daily by the technologist
3. the time required for the tube to make a complete 360* revolution about the gantry
4. the length of time required for the production of photons to begin after applying the voltage to the tube

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 18) CT is commonly referred to as all of the following names EXCEPT:

1. computerized axial tomography
2. digital subtraction angiography
3. CAT-scan
4. computed tomography

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 19) A(n) _____________ artifact is a streak artifact which arises from a high spatial frequency interface between tissues with a great difference in density

1. tube arcing
2. edge gradient
3. cone beam
4. ring

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 20) In order for an x-ray photon to be measured it must: 1. enter the detector chamber 2. be absorbed by the detector material 3. be converted to a measurable event.

1. 1 only
2. 2 only
3. 3 only
4. 1, 2 & 3

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 21) CT images can be directly scanned in planes other than transverse by: 1. orienting the patient's body part so that it is not perpendicular to the x-ray beam 2. tilting the gantry 3. changing the angle that the x-ray beam leaves the tube.

1. 1 only
2. 1 & 2
3. 2 & 3
4. 1, 2 & 3

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 22) A(n) _____________ artifact is a streak artifact which arises from a high spatial frequency interface between tissues with a great difference in density

1. tube arcing
2. edge gradient
3. cone beam
4. ring

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 23) Which of the following is TRUE regarding solid state detectors? 1. x-ray photons cause the detectors to generate a flash of light 2. they are the detector type used on most CT scanners today 3. they can be used in both third-generation and fourth-generation CT systems

1. 1 only
2. 2 only
3. 3 only
4. 1, 2 & 3

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 24) Which of the following will have the least likelihood of producing edge gradient artifacts?

1. thin slices with full scan
2. thick slices with partial scan
3. thin slices with partial scan
4. thick slice with full scan

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 25) Which of the following strategies will minimize metal artifacts? 1. remove as much metal from the patient as possible 2. orient slices such that the metal is avoided if possible 3. inspect the localizer for any metal on the patient and remove any metal or avoid imaging it as much as possible

1. 1 only
2. 2 only
3. 3 only
4. 1, 2 & 3

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 26) On a third-generation single-row detector scanner, if there are 715 detectors and there are 900 projections in a full rotation, how many samples of attenuation data are collected for the raw data of a single slice if the scan calls for an overscan of 400° rotation?

1. 286,000
2. 643,000
3. 715,000
4. 845,000

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 27) The actual attenuation data measured by the detectors from all projections during a scan is contained in CT _______________ data 1. image 2. convolved 3. raw

1. 1 only
2. 2 only
3. 3 only
4. 1, 2 & 3

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 28) The enormous heat that builds up in the CT tube is caused by the:

1. intensity of the x-rays emitted from the tube
2. electron beam between the cathode and the anode in the tube
3. x-ray filter in the tube which absorbs the lower energy photons before they can enter the patient
4. collision of the electron beam with the tungsten target on the tube anode

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 29) Which of the following is a component NOT normally located in the gantry of a modern CT system?

1. pre-patient collimators
2. solid-state detectors
3. array processor
4. x-ray tube

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 30) Which of the following would eliminate a ring artifact?

1. recalibration of the detector elements
2. removal of metal
3. decreased matrix
4. increased mAs

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 31) the mA determines the:

1. quantity of x-ray photons
2. coefficient of attenuation
3. slice thickness
4. energy level of the x-ray photons

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 32) Scatter radiation is caused by:

1. miscalibrated detector
2. x-rays generated spontaneously in the ambient atmosphere
3. deflections from the original trajectory of an x-ray photons through the patient
4. improper patient positioning

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 33) Multi-planar reconstructions are performed on which of the following? 1. image data 2. raw data 3. attenuation profiles

1. 1 only
2. 2 only
3. 3 only
4. 1, 2 & 3

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 34) ______________ may have to be edited out from the data set to get a diagnostic MIP of a CTA exam.

1. Iodinated contrast media
2. Vessels of interest
3. Air
4. Bones

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 35) In which direction are streaks from the edge gradient effect oriented?

1. radially outward from the center of the image
2. parallel to the direction of the sharp density difference interface
3. perpendicular to the direction of the sharp density difference interface
4. in a herringbone pattern across the image

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 36) A(n) _____________ artifact is a streak artifact which arises from a high spatial frequency interface between tissues with a great difference in density

1. tube arcing
2. edge gradient
3. cone beam
4. ring

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 37) Which of the following is TRUE regarding multi-row detector CT scanners?

1. 2. the attenuation information from adjacent detector arrays may be added together to generate thicker slices
2. 3. all of the detector arrays may or may not be used
3. 1 only
4. 1, 2 & 3

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 38) Which of the following may occur during the interscan delay of a conventional, or serial, CT scan performed on a continuous rotation scanner? 1. the table position is incremented 2. the tube continues to rotate in the same direction as during the scan 3. the tube assembly makes a 360° rotation

1. 1 only
2. 2 only
3. 3 only
4. 1, 2 & 3

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 39) Which of the following would eliminate a ring artifact?

1. recalibration of the detector elements
2. removal of metal
3. decreased matrix
4. increased mAs

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 40) Which of the following window settings provides the best tissue differentiation within the liver?

1. WW 100, WL -200
2. WW 140, WL 60
3. WW 1000, WL 200
4. WW 2500, WL 350

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 41) On a single-row detector scanner, collimation:

1. 2. minimizes the x-ray dose to the patient
2. 3. reduces the detection of scatter radiation
3. 1 only
4. 1, 2 & 3

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 42) An increase in _________________ does NOT occur in the resulting images when applying a sharp, or high-pass reconstruction filter during the image reconstruction of CT raw data. 1. contrast resolution 2. edge enhancement 3. the appearance of noise

1. 1 only
2. 2 only
3. 3 only
4. 1, 2 & 3

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 43) MDCT scanners capable of collecting 64 slices in a single rotation do NOT:

1. perform conventional CT scans
2. perform helical CT scans
3. use filtered back projection as their method of image reconstruction
4. perform localizer scans

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 44) A variation in which of the following will affect the hardening of an x-ray beam? 1. tissue density 2. tissue thickness 3. kVp

1. 1 only
2. 2 only
3. 3 only
4. 1, 2 & 3

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 45) For CT exams of the chest, the patient is usually positioned:

1. prone with arms at sides
2. prone with arms raised over the head
3. decubitus with arms raised over the head
4. supine with arms raised over the head

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 46) ________________ yields an image that appears 3D but also shows anatomical details above and below the 3D surface

1. SSD
2. VR
3. MIP
4. Multi-planar reconstruction

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 47) The CT x-ray tube rotates around the patient to: 1. keep the tube cool 2. generate projection views at different angles 3. minimize the x-ray dose administered to the patient

1. 1 only
2. 2 only
3. 3 only
4. 1, 2 & 3

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 48) Which of the following FALSE regarding CT systems?

1. 2. they cannot generate a straight coronal or sagittal image
2. 3. they have no moving parts
3. 1 only
4. 1, 2 & 3

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 49) ________________ yields an image that appears 3D but also shows anatomical details above and below the 3D surface.

1. SSD
2. VR
3. MIP
4. Multi-planar reconstruction

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 50) For a CT scan of the spleen which of the following is typically used?

1. only IV contrast media
2. only oral contrast media
3. both oral and IV contrast media
4. no contrast media is used

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 51) Which of the following may occur during the interscan delay of a conventional, or serial, CT scan performed on a continuous rotation scanner? 1. the table position is incremented 2. the tube continues to rotate in the same direction as during the scan 3. the tube assembly makes a 360° rotation

1. 1 only
2. 2 only
3. 3 only
4. 1, 2 & 3

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 52) In a ___________________, the highest pixel values from a stack of CTA images are projected along many "rays".

1. SSD
2. MIP
3. PR
4. VR

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 53) A smooth, or low-pass, reconstruction filter is typically NOT selected for a(n) ________________ exam

1. pituitary
2. kidneys
3. liver
4. internal auditory canals

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 54) Which of the following does NOT affect the quantity of x-rays that completely penetrates the patient? 1. the distance that the x-ray photons must travel on their course through the patient's body. 2. the molecular composition of the tissues through which the x-ray photons pass. 3. the type of detector material used

1. 1 only
2. 2 only
3. 3 only
4. 1, 2 & 3

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 55) A pixel is a:

1. bright artifact on a film
2. single 3D volume element within a volume of anatomical data
3. single 2D picture element within an image plane
4. range of gray levels on a CT image

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 56) Which of the following would decrease the effects of beam hardening artifacts? 1. increased kVp 2. increased mAs 3. increased scan time

1. 1 only
2. 1 & 2
3. 2 only
4. 3 only

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 57) Scatter radiation is caused by:

1. miscalibrated detector
2. x-rays generated spontaneously in the ambient atmosphere
3. deflections from the original trajectory of an x-ray photons through the patient
4. improper patient positioning

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 58) CTA images come from a ___________________ scan 1. conventional, or serial 2. helical 3. localizer

1. 1 only
2. 2 only
3. 3 only
4. 1, 2 & 3

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 59) ______________ allows helical data to be converted into planar raw data.

1. Retrospective reconstruction
2. Interpolation
3. Cone beam reconstruction
4. Convolution

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 60) Which of the following is TRUE regarding solid state detectors?

1. 2. they are the detector type used on most CT scanners today
2. 3. they can be used in both third-generation and fourth-generation CT systems
3. 1 only
4. 1, 2 & 3

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 61) Increased _______________ will increase the likelihood that a given x-ray will penetrate a material. 1. kV 2. mA 3. exposure time

1. 1 only
2. 2 only
3. 3 only
4. 1, 2 & 3

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 62) Which of the following would eliminate a ring artifact?

1. recalibration of the detector elements
2. removal of metal
3. decreased matrix
4. increased mAs

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 63) Which of the following is the typical orientation for a localizer in a chest exam?

1. AP
2. transverse
3. lateral
4. oblique

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 64) Which of the following may occur if the patient's arms are placed at their sides during a chest exam if the scan field-of view is 33cm? 1. beam hardening 2. out-of-field artifact 3. cone beam artifact

1. 1 only
2. 1 & 2
3. 2 only
4. 3 only

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 65) The number of electrons that flow from the cathode to the anode in the tube is controlled by the:

1. anode target
2. collimation
3. mA
4. kV

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 66) ____________ in the image is a possible manifestation of patient motion. 1. ghosting 2. blurring 3. streaks

1. 1 only
2. 2 only
3. 3 only
4. 1, 2 & 3

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 67) _________________ made helical imaging possible.

1. multi-row detector scanners
2. the introduction of second-generation technology
3. the introduction of fourth-generation technology
4. continuous rotation scanners

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 68) Which of the following may be a result of partial volume averaging? 1. decreased sharpness of edges 2. inaccurate CT numbers 3. ghosting of tissue boundaries

1. 1 only
2. 2 only
3. 1 & 2
4. 3 only

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 69) Which of the following may occur if the patient's arms are placed at their sides during a chest exam if the scan field-of view is 33cm? 1. beam hardening 2. out-of-field artifact 3. cone beam artifact

1. 1 only
2. 1 & 2
3. 2 only
4. 3 only

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 70) ________________ scanner design was the first to acquire four slices in a single rotation.

1. second - generation
2. third-generation
3. multi-row detector
4. continuous rotation

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 71) Which type(s) of storage media may hold CT image data? 1. internal hard disk 2. CD 3. re-writable optical disk

1. 1 only
2. 2 only
3. 3 only
4. 1, 2 & 3

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 72) What is the most common type of film used for recording CT images?

1. thermal
2. double emulsion
3. single emulsion
4. paper

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 73) The patent table:

1. may move continuously during the scan
2. can never be positioned automatically by software due to safety precautions
3. remains stationary throughout the patient exam once it is initially positioned
4. only moves after each slice is completed

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 74) Which system component converts the projection attenuation data into the proper digital form for the array processor?

1. detector
2. photodiode
3. analog-to-digital converter
4. host computer

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 75) Tube arcing might cause ____________ on the images.

1. star-like artifacts at the edges
2. an increased appearance of noise
3. shading and inaccurate CT numbers
4. an appearance of a circle or ring

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 76) For CT exams of the chest, the patient is usually positioned:

1. prone with arms at sides
2. prone with arms raised over the head
3. decubitus with arms raised over the head
4. supine with arms raised over the head

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 77) A variation in which of the following will affect the hardening of an x-ray beam? 1. tissue density 2. tissue thickness 3. kVp

1. 1 only
2. 2 only
3. 3 only
4. 1, 2 & 3

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 78) The service angineer should be notified about which of the following? 1. frequent bad streaks on the inferior slices of head scans 2. a consistent circle on the images 3. frequent bad streaks throughout the entire image

1. 1 only
2. 2 only
3. 3 only
4. 2 & 3

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 79) Which of the following is a reason for inserting a tampon in the vagina for CT exams of the female pelvis?

1. provides a high intensity on the image
2. eliminates the need for IV contrast injection
3. eliminates the need for oral contrast media
4. helps visualize the vaginal canal

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 80) From which of the following can the most diagnostic multi-planar reconstructions be generated? 1. stacked transverse images from a helical scan 2. stacked transverse images from a conventional, serial scan. 3. stacked localizer images

1. 1 only
2. 2 only
3. 3 only
4. 1, 2 & 3

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 81) Which of the following strategies minimizes beam hardening artifact from dense contrast media? 1. the contrast solution can be diluted 2. the scan can be performed with a slight delay 3. the scan can be performed in the opposite direction

1. 1 only
2. 2 only
3. 3 only
4. 1, 2 & 3

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 82) For which of the following studies in the chest is IV contrast typically used? 1. chest masses 2. hilar masses 3. cardiac masses

1. 1 only
2. 2 only
3. 3 only
4. 1, 2 & 3

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 83) What control does the operator have over the x-rays in a CT exam?

1. the temperature and color of the x-rays can be tuned
2. the energy level and the quantity of x-rays can be selected
3. the volume and tone of the x-rays can be dialed
4. the phase and frequency of the x-rays can be adjusted

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 84) CT x-ray tube arcing can occur because of ___________ the x-ray tube 1. impourities in the oil outside 2. tungsten gas inside 3. tungsten solids in the oil inside

1. 1 only
2. 1 & 2
3. 2 only
4. 2 & 3

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 85) In which direction are streaks from the edge gradient effect oriented?

1. radially outward from the center of the image
2. parallel to the direction of the sharp density difference interface
3. perpendicular to the direction of the sharp density difference interface
4. in a herringbone pattern across the image

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 86) CTA images come from a ___________________ scan. 1. conventional, or serial 2. helical 3. localizer

1. 1 only
2. 2 only
3. 3 only
4. 1, 2 & 3

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 87) What is the primary reason to have a patient phonate the letter "e" during a CT exam of the larynx?

1. it closes the pyriform sinuses
2. it demonstrates vocal cord mobility
3. it distends the laryngeal ventricles
4. it provides definition of the epiglottis

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 88) Increased _______________ will increase the likelihood that a given x-ray will penetrate a material

1. 1. kV
2. 2. mA
3. 3. exposure time
4. 1 only

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 89) What does convolution do to the image quality when it is added to the back projection reconstruction process?

1. normalizes the attenuation coefficients to ensure tissues are displayed with correct CT numbers
2. increases the number of projections thereby reducing streaking artifacts
3. improves contrast resolution by reducing scatter radiation
4. enhances important characteristics of attenuation profiles thus reducing streak and star artifacts.

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 90) The result of the bifurcation of the abdominal aorta is the left and right ___________ arteries.

1. femoral
2. common iliac
3. popliteal
4. quadriceps

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 91) Which of the following are NOT commonly used on today's commercially available CT scanners?

1. 1. xenon detectors
2. 2. fourth-generation technology
3. 3. continuous rotation technology
4. 1 only

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 92) Which of the following could allow for a reduction of partial volume artifact while not increasing the appearance of noise in the image?

1. increasing slice thickness while decreasing kVp
2. decreasing slice thickness while decreasing mAs
3. increasing slice thickness while increasing mAs
4. decreasing slice thickness while increasing mAs

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 93) Which of the following may be a result of partial volume averaging? 1. decreased sharpness of edges 2. inaccurate CT numbers 3. ghosting of tissue boundaries

1. 1 only
2. 2 only
3. 1 & 2
4. 3 only

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 94) Which of the following statements is FALSE regarding occurences after an x-ray photon penetrates the detector aperture? 1. the photon can pass through the detector unmeasured. 2. the photon is converted completely into an electron 3. the measured signal is enhanced by an amplifier

1. 1 only
2. 2 only
3. 3 only
4. 1, 2 & 3

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 95) On a CT image of the brain a cupping artifact would appear brighter:

1. at the anterior and posterior aspects of the brain
2. at the periphery of the brain
3. immediately around dense structures
4. in the center of the brain

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 96) CT x-ray tube arcing can occur because of ___________ the x-ray tube 1. impourities in the oil outside 2. tungsten gas inside 3. tungsten solids in the oil inside

1. 1 only
2. 1 & 2
3. 2 only
4. 2 & 3

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 97) Which of the following is a technique used to minimize artifacts from patient motion in exams of the chest? 1. suspended respiration 2. shortened scan time 3. patient immobilization devices

1. 1 only
2. 2 only
3. 3 only
4. 1, 2 & 3

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 98) Typically, what mAs is used in routine CT exams of the abdomen?

1. 100 to 200
2. 200 to 300
3. 300 to 400
4. 400 to 500

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 99) The enormous heat that builds up in the CT tube is caused by the:

1. intensity of the x-rays emitted from the tube
2. electron beam between the cathode and the anode in the tube
3. x-ray filter in the tube which absorbs the lower energy photons before they can enter the patient
4. collision of the electron beam with the tungsten target on the tube anode

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 100) MIP images:

1. are most frequently used for visualizing air-filled spaces
2. can NOT be run in a cine loop
3. are most accurate when a large volume of interest is selected
4. do NOT demonstrate detail beneath the brightest pixel

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 101) Which of the following are NOT commonly used on today's commercially available CT scanners? 1. xenon detectors 2. fourth-generation technology 3. continuous rotation technology

1. 1 only
2. 1 & 2
3. 2 & 3
4. 1, 2, & 3

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 102) X-ray photons are produced by a fast-moving electron:

1. 2. passing close to an atomic nucleus
2. 3. colliding with an electron within an atom and ejecting it
3. 1 only
4. 1, 2 & 3

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 103) Which of the following could allow for a reduction of partial volume artifact while not increasing the appearance of noise in the image?

1. increasing slice thickness while decreasing kVp
2. decreasing slice thickness while decreasing mAs
3. increasing slice thickness while increasing mAs
4. decreasing slice thickness while increasing mAs

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 104) In a ___________________, the highest pixel values from a stack of CTA images are projected along many "rays"

1. SSD
2. MIP
3. PR
4. VR

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 105) Which of the following is NOT a function of the PACS system?

1. reconstruction of the image from the raw data
2. long term data storage
3. digital distribution of images
4. image display for the radiologists

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 106) For a CT scan of the spleen which of the following is typically used?

1. only IV contrast media
2. only oral contrast media
3. both oral and IV contrast media
4. no contrast media is used

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 107) The number of electrons that flow from the cathode to the anode in the tube is controlled by the:

1. anode target
2. collimation
3. mA
4. kV

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 108) Which of the following statements is FALSE regarding 3D SSD?

1. helical image data is well suited for 3D SSD because there is minimal misregistration or gaps
2. the volume data, from which 3D SSD is generated, is created by combining transverse, sagittal, and coronal reconstructions
3. the tissue surface may be selected by using a threshold value equal to the tissue's CT number
4. patient motion during the scan is detrimental to the quality of the 3D images

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 109) MDCT scanners capable of collecting 64 slices in a single rotation do NOT:

1. perform conventional CT scans
2. perform helical CT scans
3. use filtered back projection as their method of image reconstruction
4. perform localizer scans

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 110) The x-ray beam used in CT scanning is __________________ the patient's tissues. 1. reflected off of 2. attenuated by 3. generated by

1. 1 only
2. 2 only
3. 3 only
4. 1, 2 & 3

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 111) A variation in which of the following will affect the hardening of an x-ray beam? 1. tissue density 2. tissue thickness 3. kVp

1. 1 only
2. 2 only
3. 3 only
4. 1, 2 & 3

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 112) Which of the following is typical scan delay after the initiation of injection of contrast media for studies of the liver?

1. 15 to 25 seconds
2. 65 to 75 seconds
3. 85 to 95 seconds
4. a few minutes

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 113) The result of the bifurcation of the abdominal aorta is the left and right ___________ arteries.

1. femoral
2. common iliac
3. popliteal
4. quadriceps

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 114) Collimation:

1. is accomplished by electrically blocking x-rays
2. affects the scan time
3. limits the low energy x-ray photons and passes the high energy photons
4. is accomplished by physically blocking x-rays.

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 115) Which of the following window settings provides the best tissue differentiation of the soft tissues of the supratentorium?

1. window width = 1000, window level = 200
2. window width = 300, window level = 60
3. window width = 2500, window level = 350
4. window width = 100, window level = 30

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 116) How would the artifact from a faulty detector element appear on a localizer image?

1. a line perpendicular to the long axis of the patient table
2. it depends on the orientation in which the localizer image is performed
3. a circle in the center of the image
4. a line parallel to the long axis of the patient table

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 117) the mA determines the:

1. quantity of x-ray photons
2. coefficient of attenuation
3. slice thickness
4. energy level of the x-ray photons

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 118) Which of the following is TRUE as the slice thickness is decreased?

1. partial volume artifacts increase while edge gradient artifacts decrease
2. partial volume artifacts and edge gradient artifacts decrease
3. partial volume artifacts decrease while edge gradient artifacts increase
4. partial volume artifacts and ege gradient artifacts increase

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 119) Which of the following strategies would NOT help us differentiate possible pathology from a partial volume artifact? 1. inspection of adjacent slices 2. collect additional thinner slices through suspicious region 3. rescan and decrease pitch (without changing slice thickness)

1. 1 only
2. 2 only
3. 3 only
4. 1, 2 & 3

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 120) Which of the following structures is NOT part of the GI tract?

1. esophagus
2. stomach
3. duodenum
4. spleen

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 121) Which of the following is typical scan delay after the initiation of injection of contrast media for studies of the liver?

1. 15 to 25 seconds
2. 65 to 75 seconds
3. 85 to 95 seconds
4. a few minutes

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 122) The slip ring on continuous rotation CT scanners: 1. prevents the high voltage cable from winding up 2. allows the exam to commence more rapidly 3. eliminates the need for the reversal of gantry frame rotation.

1. 1 only
2. 2 only
3. 3 only
4. 1, 2, & 3

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 123) Which of the following is NOT a function of the PACS system?

1. reconstruction of the image from the raw data
2. long term data storage
3. digital distribution of images
4. image display for the radiologists

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 124) Which of the following strategies will minimize metal artifacts? 1. remove as much metal from the patient as possible 2. orient slices such that the metal is avoided if possible 3. inspect the localizer for any metal on the patient and remove any metal or avoid imaging it as much as possible

1. 1 only
2. 2 only
3. 3 only
4. 1, 2 & 3

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 125) On a CT image of the brain a cupping artifact would appear brighter:

1. at the anterior and posterior aspects of the brain
2. at the periphery of the brain
3. immediately around dense structures
4. in the center of the brain

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 126) In which technique are tissues other than the surface of a structure excluded by setting a threshold value and eliminating pixels above or below that threshold?

1. volume rendering
2. multi-planar reconstruction
3. maximum intensity projection
4. 3D shaded Surface Display

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 127) Which of the following window settings provides the best tissue differentiation within the liver?

1. WW 100, WL -200
2. WW 140, WL 60
3. WW 1000, WL 200
4. WW 2500, WL 350

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 128) A helical scan performed on a 64 slice MDCT scanner is reconstructed with:

1. back projection
2. simple reconstruction because it is a single projection scan
3. no reconstruction filter
4. cone beam reconstruction

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 129) The x-ray beam used in CT scanning is __________________ the patient's tissues 1. reflected off of 2. attenuated by 3. generated by

1. 1 only
2. 2 only
3. 3 only
4. 1, 2 & 3

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 130) What control does the operator have over the x-rays in a CT exam?

1. the temperature and color of the x-rays can be tuned
2. the energy level and the quantity of x-rays can be selected
3. the volume and tone of the x-rays can be dialed
4. the phase and frequency of the x-rays can be adjusted.

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 131) Which of the following would decrease the effects of beam hardening artifacts? 1. increased kVp 2. increased mAs 3. increased scan time

1. 1 only
2. 1 & 2
3. 2 only
4. 3 only

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 132) ______________________ is the mathematical process used by single-row detector scanners to reconstruct CT images from raw data.

1. Weighted averaging
2. Filtered back projection
3. the Fourier transform
4. Integration of the area under the curve

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 133) A CT system manufacturer has a scanner in which the focal spot of the x-ray beam can move to two, slightly separated, distinct locations. What benefit does the dual focal spot provide compared to an identical scanner possessing a single focal spot? 1. the number of projections is doubled 2. the number of rays in a single projection is doubled 3. the patient dose is halved

1. 1 only
2. 2 only
3. 3 only
4. 1, 2 & 3

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 134) Which of the following statements is TRUE concerning the lobes of the liver? 1. the left lobe is more anterior than the right lobe 2. the left lobe is more anterior than the caudate lobe 3. the caudate lobe is more medial than the right lobe

1. 1 only
2. 2 only
3. 3 only
4. 1, 2 & 3

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 135) Which of the following statements is FALSE regarding occurences after an x-ray photon penetrates the detector aperture?

1. 2. the photon is converted completely into an electron
2. 3. the measured signal is enhanced by an amplifier
3. 1 only
4. 2 only

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 136) The ________________ move(s) during a helical scan on a third-generation scanner. 1. x-ray tube 2. patient table 3. detector elements

1. 1 only
2. 2 only
3. 3 only
4. 1, 2 & 3

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 137) Which of the following is a reconstruction technique applied to the raw data after the primary reconstruction has already been accomplished?

1. maximum intensity projection
2. volume rendering
3. retrospective reconstruction
4. multi-planar reconstruction

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 138) Multi-planar reconstructions are performed on which of the following? 1. image data 2. raw data 3. attenuation profiles

1. 1 only
2. 2 only
3. 3 only
4. 1, 2 & 3

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 139) Which of the following is TRUE as the slice thickness is decreased?

1. partial volume artifacts increase while edge gradient artifacts decrease
2. partial volume artifacts and edge gradient artifacts decrease
3. partial volume artifacts decrease while edge gradient artifacts increase
4. partial volume artifacts and ege gradient artifacts increase

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 140) Which of the following will have the least likelihood of producing edge gradient artifacts?

1. thin slices with full scan
2. thick slices with partial scan
3. thin slices with partial scan
4. thick slice with full scan

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 141) For a routine CT exam of the pelvis, what gantry tilt is used?

1. 20°
2. -20°
3. 10°
4. no tilt is used

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 142) Which of the following provides the best bone window setting for the pelvis?

1. WW 2000, WL 350
2. WW 140, WL 60
3. WW 100, WL -200
4. WW 1000, WL 200

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 143) X-rays are used in CT because:

1. they are easily produced by the high frequency generator
2. they are less harmful than the heating effects of microwave radiation
3. they penetrate the body according to specific attenuation characteristics of each tissue
4. the FDA imposes no limit on the dose to the patient.

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 144) Which of the following strategies will minimize metal artifacts? 1. remove as much metal from the patient as possible 2. orient slices such that the metal is avoided if possible 3. inspect the localizer for any metal on the patient and remove any metal or avoid imaging it as much as possible

1. 1 only
2. 2 only
3. 3 only
4. 1, 2 & 3

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 145) Most of the commands from the technologist are received by the:

1. array processor
2. operator's console
3. host computer
4. amplifier

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 146) In order for an x-ray photon to be measured it must:

1. 2. be absorbed by the detector material
2. 3. be converted to a measurable event
3. 1 only
4. 1, 2 & 3

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 147) A helical scan performed on a 64 slice MDCT scanner is reconstructed with:

1. back projection
2. simple reconstruction because it is a single projection scan
3. no reconstruction filter
4. cone beam reconstruction

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 148) Which of the following is TRUE regarding the slice thickness of an image reconstructed from a helical scan? 1. on a multi-row detector scanner, the thickness is equal to the beam collimation 2. on a single-row detector scanner, the thickness is equal to the beam collimation 3. on a single-row detector scanner, the thickness can be varied retrospectively

1. 1 only
2. 2 only
3. 2 & 3
4. 1, 2 & 3

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 149) Which of the following may be a result of partial volume averaging? 1. decreased sharpness of edges 2. inaccurate CT numbers 3. ghosting of tissue boundaries

1. 1 only
2. 2 only
3. 1 & 2
4. 3 only

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 150) Which of the following is a technique used to minimize artifacts from patient motion in exams of the chest? 1. suspended respiration 2. shortened scan time 3. patient immobilization devices

1. 1 only
2. 2 only
3. 3 only
4. 1, 2 & 3

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 151) Which of the following is NOT contained within the mediastinum?

1. esophagus
2. heart
3. bronchi
4. lungs

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 152) Tube arcing might cause ____________ on the images

1. star-like artifacts at the edges
2. an increased appearance of noise
3. shading and inaccurate CT numbers
4. an appearance of a circle or ring

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 153) Which of the following statements is TRUE? 1. kV is the voltage potential between the tube cathode and anode while mA ultimately controls the filament current and, thus, the temperature of the cathode filament 2. kV controls the energy level of the x-ray photons and mA controls the number of x-ray photons emitted from the tube. 3. although the kV and the mA affect the operation of the CT x-ray tube, the two parameters have no bearing on the image quality.

1. 1 only
2. 2 only
3. 1 & 2
4. 2 & 3

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 154) X-rays are produced whenever fast-moving electrons collide with any form of matter because: 1.the electron splits into two x-ray photons of equal energy upon impact with the matter. 2. the electron loses kinetic energy which is converted into the emission of an x-ray photon 3. the electron converts the electron it collides with into an x-ray photon

1. 1 only
2. 2 only
3. 3 only
4. 1, 2 & 3

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 155) For which of the following studies in the chest is IV contrast typically used? 1. chest masses 2. hilar masses 3. cardiac masses

1. 1 only
2. 2 only
3. 3 only
4. 1, 2 & 3

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 156) The CT x-ray tube rotates around the patient to:

1. 2. generate projection views at different angles
2. 3. minimize the x-ray dose administered to the patient
3. 1 only
4. 2 only

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 157) How would the artifact from a faulty detector element appear on a localizer image?

1. a line perpendicular to the long axis of the patient table
2. it depends on the orientation in which the localizer image is performed
3. a circle in the center of the image
4. a line parallel to the long axis of the patient table

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 158) Using a __________________ reconstruction filter would decrease the appearance of noise in a CT image. 1. no 2. a sharp 3. a smooth

1. 1 only
2. 2 only
3. 2 & 3
4. 3 only

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 159) If an algorithm to correct for the cupping artifact is applied too aggressively to the data for a head image, the _____________ of the image would be too bright 1. top and bottom 2. center 3. edges

1. 1 only
2. 2 only
3. 3 only
4. 1 & 3

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 160) Which of the following are typical start and end locations for CT scans of the pelvis?

1. from the xyphoid process through the iliac crest
2. from the sternal notch through the iliac crest
3. from the iliac crest through the symphysis pubis
4. from the sternal notch through the symphysis pubis

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 161) Which of the following is the typical orientation for a localizer in a chest exam?

1. AP
2. transverse
3. lateral
4. oblique

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 162) Most of the commands from the technologist are received by the:

1. array processor
2. operator's console
3. host computer
4. amplifier

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 163) The patent table:

1. may move continuously during the scan
2. can never be positioned automatically by software due to safety precautions
3. remains stationary throughout the patient exam once it is initially positioned
4. only moves after each slice is completed.

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 164) Which of the following strategies would NOT help us differentiate possible pathology from a partial volume artifact? 1. inspection of adjacent slices 2. collect additional thinner slices through suspicious region 3. rescan and decrease pitch (without changing slice thickness)

1. 1 only
2. 2 only
3. 3 only
4. 1, 2 & 3

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 165) A __________________ scan uses only a single projection. 1. conventional, or serial 2. helical 3. localizer

1. 1 only
2. 2 only
3. 3 only
4. 1, 2 & 3

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 166) Typically, what mAs is used in routine CT exams of the abdomen?

1. 100 to 200
2. 200 to 300
3. 300 to 400
4. 400 to 500

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 167) On a CTA exam of lower extremity vasculature to assess atherosclerosis, coverage should extend from the ______________ to the _______________

1. abdominal aorta, ankles
2. abdominal aorta, iliac arteries
3. iliac arteries, femoral arteries
4. iliac arteries, popliteal arteries

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 168) Which of the following statements is TRUE?

1. 2. kV controls the energy level of the x-ray photons and mA controls the number of x-ray photons emitted from the tube
2. 3. although the kV and the mA affect the operation of the CT x-ray tube, the two parameters have no bearing on the image quality
3. 1 only
4. 1 & 2

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 169) Which of the following statements is FALSE regarding the collection of CT data?

1. long scan times are more desirable because they average out motion artifacts
2. the reconstruction process used to create the image occurs in the array processor
3. to collect the complete set of CT data, x-rays must be passed through the body at many different angles
4. the detectors measure x-rays which completely penetrate the patient.

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 170) Which of the following strategies minimizes beam hardening artifact from dense contrast media? 1. the contrast solution can be diluted 2. the scan can be performed with a slight delay 3. the scan can be performed in the opposite direction

1. 1 only
2. 2 only
3. 3 only
4. 1, 2 & 3

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 171) X-rays are produced whenever fast-moving electrons collide with any form of matter because:

1. 2. the electron loses kinetic energy which is converted into the emission of an x-ray photon
2. 3. the electron converts the electron it collides with into an x-ray photon
3. 1 only
4. 2 only

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 172) Tube interscan delay time refers to:

1. the time between the end of one scan and the state of the next scan during which the tube will cool
2. a quality assurance test performed daily by the technologist
3. the time required for the tube to make a complete 360* revolution about the gantry
4. the length of time required for the production of photons to begin after applying the voltage to the tube.

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 173) Which of the following statements is TRUE? 1. the amplified electrical signal obtained from the detectors must be digitized 2. digital CT images are numerical representations of cross-sectional anatomy 3. digital signals may be formed by sampling analog signals at discrete time intervals

1. 1 only
2. 2 only
3. 3 only
4. 1, 2 & 3

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 174) MIP images:

1. are most frequently used for visualizing air-filled spaces
2. can NOT be run in a cine loop
3. are most accurate when a large volume of interest is selected
4. do NOT demonstrate detail beneath the brightest pixel

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 175) How would the artifact from a faulty detector element appear on a localizer image?

1. a line perpendicular to the long axis of the patient table
2. it depends on the orientation in which the localizer image is performed
3. a circle in the center of the image
4. a line parallel to the long axis of the patient table

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 176) The ________________ move(s) during a helical scan on a third-generation scanner 1. x-ray tube 2. patient table 3. detector elements

1. 1 only
2. 2 only
3. 3 only
4. 1, 2 & 3

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 177) CT is commonly referred to as all of the following names EXCEPT:

1. computerized axial tomography
2. digital subtraction angiography
3. CAT-scan
4. computed tomography

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 178) Bremsstrahlung radiation does NOT include which type of electron activity?

1. 2. collision between an incoming electron and an electron in an inner shell of the target atom
2. 3. slowing down of an incoming electron due to the effect of passing close to the positive charge of the nucleus of the target atom
3. 1 only
4. 2 only

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 179) The cathode filament:

1. helps determine the size of the focal spot
2. lights up the tube so it can be serviced by an engineer
3. releases the x-ray photons
4. focuses x-rays onto the anode target

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 180) Which of the following FALSE regarding CT systems? 1.they are limited to non-oblique transverse scanning 2. they cannot generate a straight coronal or sagittal image. 3. they have no moving parts

1. 1 only
2. 2 only
3. 3 only
4. 1, 2 & 3

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 181) Which of the following could allow for a reduction of partial volume artifact while not increasing the appearance of noise in the image?

1. increasing slice thickness while decreasing kVp
2. decreasing slice thickness while decreasing mAs
3. increasing slice thickness while increasing mAs
4. decreasing slice thickness while increasing mAs

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 182) Which of the following strategies minimizes beam hardening artifact from dense contrast media? 1. the contrast solution can be diluted 2. the scan can be performed with a slight delay 3. the scan can be performed in the opposite direction

1. 1 only
2. 2 only
3. 3 only
4. 1, 2 & 3

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 183) Which of the following is a reconstruction technique applied to the raw data after the primary reconstruction has already been accomplished?

1. maximum intensity projection
2. volume rendering
3. retrospective reconstruction
4. multi-planar reconstruction

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 184) Which of the following may occur if the patient's arms are placed at their sides during a chest exam if the scan field-of view is 33cm? 1. beam hardening 2. out-of-field artifact 3. cone beam artifact

1. 1 only
2. 1 & 2
3. 2 only
4. 3 only

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 185) ____________ in the image is a possible manifestation of patient motion 1. ghosting 2. blurring 3. streaks

1. 1 only
2. 2 only
3. 3 only
4. 1, 2 & 3

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 186) Which of the following CT scanner designs does NOT use an x-ray tube?

1. first-generation CT
2. PET/CT
3. electron beam CT
4. MDCT

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 187) The operator's console may include:

1. 2. keyboard
2. 3. graphic input device
3. 1 only
4. 1, 2 & 3

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 188) Which of the following statements is FALSE regarding the collection of CT data?

1. long scan times are more desirable because they average out motion artifacts
2. the reconstruction process used to create the image occurs in the array processor
3. to collect the complete set of CT data, x-rays must be passed through the body at many different angles
4. the detectors measure x-rays which completely penetrate the patient

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 189) Which technology do multi-row detector scanners employ?

1. second-generation
2. third-generation
3. fourth-generation
4. first-generation

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 190) A retrospective reconstruction, in which the reconstruction field-of-view is varied, uses:

1. a reconstructed image in the sagittal plane
2. CT raw data
3. more photons
4. CT image data

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 191) A kernel is a:

1. component in the c-ray tube
2. post-processing filter applied to image data
3. type of detector
4. filter applied to the CT raw data

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 192) ________________ scanner design was the first to acquire four slices in a single rotation

1. second - generation
2. third-generation
3. multi-row detector
4. continuous rotation

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 193) Which of the following does NOT affect the quantity of x-rays that completely penetrates the patient?

1. 2. the molecular composition of the tissues through which the x-ray photons pass
2. 3. the type of detector material used
3. 1 only
4. 3 only

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 194) 3D shaded surface displays are performed on CT: 1.image data 2. raw data 3. attenuation profiles

1. 1 only
2. 2 only
3. 3 only
4. 1, 2 & 3

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 195) Which of the following structures is NOT part of the GI tract?

1. esophagus
2. stomach
3. duodenum
4. spleen

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 196) _________________ made helical imaging possible

1. multi-row detector scanners
2. the introduction of second-generation technology
3. the introduction of fourth-generation technology
4. continuous rotation scanners

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 197) Which of the following CT scanner designs does NOT use an x-ray tube?

1. first-generation CT
2. PET/CT
3. electron beam CT
4. MDCT

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 198) Which of the following is NOT a part of the CT tube?

1. tungsten target
2. collimator
3. rotating anode
4. filament

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 199) A CT system manufacturer has a scanner in which the focal spot of the x-ray beam can move to two, slightly separated, distinct locations. What benefit does the dual focal spot provide compared to an identical scanner possessing a single focal spot? 1. the number of projections is doubled 2. the number of rays in a single projection is doubled 3. the patient dose is halved

1. 1 only
2. 2 only
3. 3 only
4. 1, 2 & 3

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 200) Which of the following utilizes convolution? 1. 3D SSD 2. Fourier transform 3. filtered back projection

1. 1 only
2. 2 only
3. 3 only
4. 1, 2 & 3

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 201) Bremsstrahlung radiation does NOT include which type of electron activity? 1. collision between an incoming electron and the nucleus of the target atom. 2. collision between an incoming electron and an electron in an inner shell of the target atom. 3. slowing down of an incoming electron due to the effect of passing close to the positive charge of the nucleus of the target atom.

1. 1 only
2. 2 only
3. 3 only
4. 1, 2 & 3

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 202) Which of the following strategies would NOT help us differentiate possible pathology from a partial volume artifact? 1. inspection of adjacent slices 2. collect additional thinner slices through suspicious region 3. rescan and decrease pitch (without changing slice thickness)

1. 1 only
2. 2 only
3. 3 only
4. 1, 2 & 3

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 203) In which direction are streaks from the edge gradient effect oriented?

1. radially outward from the center of the image
2. parallel to the direction of the sharp density difference interface
3. perpendicular to the direction of the sharp density difference interface
4. in a herringbone pattern across the image

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 204) The main purpose of the detector is to:

1. provide additional collimation in order to reduce scatter
2. limit the x-ray dose to the patient
3. capture x-ray photons and convert them to a measurable signal
4. amplify the measured signal

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 205) Which system component converts the projection attenuation data into the proper digital form for the array processor?

1. detector
2. photodiode
3. analog-to-digital converter
4. host computer

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 206) Which of the following is NOT an advantage of a helical study compared to a conventional, serial CT study?

1. minimal anatomical misregistration sometimes caused by inconsistent breath-holding
2. shorter total exam time
3. can retrospectively reconstruct a slice at any arbitrary position
4. offers the best image quality for a brain exam

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 207) Which technology do multi-row detector scanners employ?

1. second-generation
2. third-generation
3. fourth-generation
4. first-generation

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 208) Which of the following is TRUE as the slice thickness is decreased?

1. partial volume artifacts increase while edge gradient artifacts decrease
2. partial volume artifacts and edge gradient artifacts decrease
3. partial volume artifacts decrease while edge gradient artifacts increase
4. partial volume artifacts and ege gradient artifacts increase

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 209) The ___________________ determines the intensity of the laser beam in a laser camera 1. intensifying grid 2. pixel values in the image data 3. magnifying power of the lens

1. 1 only
2. 2 only
3. 3 only
4. 1, 2 & 3

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 210) The cathode filament:

1. helps determine the size of the focal spot
2. lights up the tube so it can be serviced by an engineer
3. releases the x-ray photons
4. focuses x-rays onto the anode target

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 211) What does convolution do to the image quality when it is added to the back projection reconstruction process?

1. normalizes the attenuation coefficients to ensure tissues are displayed with correct CT numbers
2. increases the number of projections thereby reducing streaking artifacts
3. improves contrast resolution by reducing scatter radiation
4. enhances important characteristics of attenuation profiles thus reducing streak and star artifacts

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 212) What is the most common type of film used for recording CT images?

1. thermal
2. double emulsion
3. single emulsion
4. paper

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 213) CT images can be directly scanned in planes other than transverse by:

1. 2. tilting the gantry
2. 3. changing the angle that the x-ray beam leaves the tube
3. 1 only
4. 1 & 2

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 214) Which of the following is NOT contained within the mediastinum?

1. esophagus
2. heart
3. bronchi
4. lungs

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 215) For a routine CT exam of the pelvis, what gantry tilt is used?

1. 20°
2. -20°
3. 10°
4. no tilt is used

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 216) The pencil thin section of the x-ray fan beam that strikes a single detector is called a:

1. line
2. projection
3. view
4. ray

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 217) Which of the following is NOT a part of the CT tube?

1. tungsten target
2. collimator
3. rotating anode
4. filament

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 218) The service angineer should be notified about which of the following? 1. frequent bad streaks on the inferior slices of head scans 2. a consistent circle on the images 3. frequent bad streaks throughout the entire image

1. 1 only
2. 2 only
3. 3 only
4. 2 & 3

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 219) On a CT image of the brain a cupping artifact would appear brighter:

1. at the anterior and posterior aspects of the brain
2. at the periphery of the brain
3. immediately around dense structures
4. in the center of the brain

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 220) The service angineer should be notified about which of the following? 1. frequent bad streaks on the inferior slices of head scans 2. a consistent circle on the images 3. frequent bad streaks throughout the entire image

1. 1 only
2. 2 only
3. 3 only
4. 2 & 3

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 221) Which of the following will have the least likelihood of producing edge gradient artifacts?

1. thin slices with full scan
2. thick slices with partial scan
3. thin slices with partial scan
4. thick slice with full scan

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 222) X-ray photons are produced by a fast-moving electron: 1. colliding with an atomic nucleus 2. passing close to an atomic nucleus 3. colliding with an electron within an atom and ejecting it.

1. 1 only
2. 2 only
3. 3 only
4. 1, 2 & 3

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 223) The operator's console may include: 1. monitor 2. keyboard 3. graphic input device

1. 1 only
2. 2 only
3. 3 only
4. 1, 2 & 3

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 224) A smooth, or low-pass, reconstruction filter is typically NOT selected for a(n) ________________ exam.

1. pituitary
2. kidneys
3. liver
4. internal auditory canals

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 225) If an image matrix has 360 rows and 360 columns, how many pixels are there in the image?

1. 21,600
2. 129,600
3. 259,200
4. 379,800

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 226) On a third-generation single-row detector scanner, if there are 715 detectors and there are 900 projections in a full rotation, how many samples of attenuation data are collected for the raw data of a single slice if the scan calls for an overscan of 400° rotation?

1. 286,000
2. 643,000
3. 715,000
4. 845,000

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 227) Which of the following are typical start and end locations for CT scans of the pelvis?

1. from the xyphoid process through the iliac crest
2. from the sternal notch through the iliac crest
3. from the iliac crest through the symphysis pubis
4. from the sternal notch through the symphysis pubis

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 228) Which of the following combinations of scanning parameters is best for evaluating abnormalities within the petrous pyramids of the temporal bones?

1. sharp algorithm, window width = 2500, 0.5 to 3mm slices
2. standard algorithm, window width = 2500, 4 to 8mm slices
3. standard algorithm, window width = 300, 0.5 to 3mm slices
4. soft algorithm, window width = 300, 0.5 to 3mm slices

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 229) Which of the following would decrease the effects of beam hardening artifacts? 1. increased kVp 2. increased mAs 3. increased scan time

1. 1 only
2. 1 & 2
3. 2 only
4. 3 only

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 230) Which of the following is a component NOT normally located in the gantry of a modern CT system?

1. pre-patient collimators
2. solid-state detectors
3. array processor
4. x-ray tube

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 231) The ___________________ determines the intensity of the laser beam in a laser camera. 1. intensifying grid 2. pixel values in the image data 3. magnifying power of the lens

1. 1 only
2. 2 only
3. 3 only
4. 1, 2 & 3

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them. 232) Which of the following statements is TRUE concerning the lobes of the liver? 1. the left lobe is more anterior than the right lobe 2. the left lobe is more anterior than the caudate lobe 3. the caudate lobe is more medial than the right lobe

1. 1 only
2. 2 only
3. 3 only
4. 1, 2 & 3

Answers are locked. Please click here to buy them.

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